ABSTRACT
Background: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale is widely used for the assessment of generalized anxiety disorder. Aim: To adapt the GAD-7 to the Chilean adolescent population and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Material and Methods: The GAD-7 was adapted and administered to 2,022 adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age, recruited from eight schools in the northern area of Santiago, Chile. Other self-report instruments were used to assess depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. The one factor structure and invariance by sex were examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Its reliability and validity based on its relationship with other variables were assessed. Results: The one-factor structure and invariance by sex were confirmed. The results showed an adequate internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86, Spearman-Brown coefficient = 0.82). As expected, significant correlations were observed with measures of depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. Higher scores were observed in women than in men. Conclusions: The Chilean version adapted for adolescents of the GAD-7 has good psychometric properties. Thus, it may be a useful and valid instrument for the assessment of generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents in Chile.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: Antecedentes: El Modelo Integrado Motivacional-Volitivo contempla la ideación suicida como una reacción psicológica a una situación que se percibe como una derrota junto a la percepción de estar atrapado/a y sin posible escape ni rescate. Objetivo: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo adaptar al contexto español y analizar las propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas, una para medir derrota y otra para medir atrapamiento. Método: Doscientas treinta y cuatro personas de 18-35 años (58,6% mujeres) completaron un cuestionario online. Resultados: El análisis de la estructura interna mostró una solución bifactorial para la escala de derrota y una solución unifactorial para la escala de atrapamiento, ambas con adecuados índices de ajuste. Además, mostraron buena fiabilidad de las puntuaciones de los test y evidencias favorables de validez. Conclusiones: Disponer de ambas escalas adaptadas contribuye a mejorar la evaluación del riesgo suicida, así como a orientar la intervención y realizar aportaciones en el campo de la suicidología.
Abstract: Background: The Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model contemplates suicidal ideation as a psychological reaction to a situation that is perceived as a defeat along with the perception of being trapped and without possible escape or rescue. Aim: The present study aims to adapt to the Spanish context and analyze the psychometric properties of two scales, one to measure defeat and another to measure entrapment. Method: Two hundred and thirty-four people aged 18-35 years (58.6% women) completed an online questionnaire. Results: The analysis of the internal structure showed a bifactorial solution for the scale of defeat and a unifactorial solution for the scale of entrapment, both with adequate adjustment indexes. In addition, they showed good reliability of the test scores and favorable evidence of validity. Conclusions: Having both scales adapted helps to improve the assessment of suicide risk, as well as to guide the intervention and make contributions in the field of suicide.